hubertus strughold

in which he proposed that space was present in small gradations that grew as altitude levels increased, rather than existing in remote regions of the atmosphere. from the University of Münster and completed his habilitation (Dr. The inquiry uncovered evidence of oxygen deprivation experiments carried out by Strughold’s Institute for Aviation Medicine in 1943. Evidence of experimentation on Dachau inmates and epileptic children. [4][5] Strughold coined the term "space medicine" to describe this area of study in 1948.

Strughold also worked as a research assistant to the renowned German-Austrian physiologist Dr. Maximilian von Frey. During the war, he conducted some horrific human experiments […] In April 1935 the government of Nazi Germany appointed Strughold to serve as the director of the Berlin-based Research Institute for Aviation Medicine, a medical think tank that operated under the auspices of Hermann Göring's Ministry of Aviation. His portrait, however, still hangs there. In 1928 Strughold traveled to the United States as a Rockefeller Foundation Fellow and conducted specialized research on both aviation medicine and physiology at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio and the University of Chicago. Journal of Aviation Medicine. Strughold, Hubertus. Strughold, H. (1956). 1981 Nov;40(6):583-584. PMID, "Hubertus Strughold Award.

While at NASA, Strughold played a central role in designing the pressure suit and onboard life support systems used by both the Gemini and Apollo astronauts. He was a co-founder of the Space et phil.) PMID, People of the American Civil War by state, Articles with inconsistent citation formats, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni, Recipients of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research, "Project Paperclip: Dark side of the Moon", http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/4443934.stm, "Hubertus Strughold: the "Father of Space Medicine"", https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2a5a/42afdf1c6928e51af12abb5b4c90c86c2d99.pdf, A Scientist's Nazi-Era Past Haunts Prestigious Space Prize, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Hubertus_Strughold?oldid=5158149. Campbell, Mark R.; Mohler, Stanley R.; Harsch, Viktor A.; Baisden, Denise (2007-07-01). pp.

et phil.) SPACE The Hubertus Strughold Award was established by the Space Medicine Branch, known today as the Space Medicine Association, a member organization of the Aerospace Medical Association. Hubertus Strughold was born in the town of Westtünnen-im-Hamm in the Prussian province of Westphalia on 15 June 1898. For his role in pioneering the study of the physical and psychological effects of manned spaceflight he became known as "The Father of Space Medicine". In 1928 Strughold traveled to the United States on a year-long research fellowship from the Rockefeller Foundation. As a young man he studied medicine and the natural sciences at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and the Georg August University of Göttingen, where he received his doctorate (Dr. med.

(27): 50-52.

Though Strughold was ostensibly a civilian researcher, the majority of the studies and projects his Institute undertook were commissioned and financed by the German armed forces (principally the Luftwaffe) as part of the ongoing German re-armament. He studied medicine and natural science at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and the Georg August University of Göttingen.

Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. Every year since 1963, the Space Medicine Association has given out the Hubertus Strughold Award to a top scientist or clinician for outstanding work in aviation medicine.

1970 RearAdm Frank Burkhart Voris, MC, USN, 1989 Brig. med.) Strughold retired from his position at NASA in 1968. A similar campaign by American scholars prompted the US branch of the Aerospace Medical Association to announce in 2012 that it would also consider rechristening a similar award, also named in Strughold's honor, which it had been bestowing since 1963. With another former Luftwaffe physician, Richard Lindenberg, Strughold was assigned to the US Air Force School of Aviation Medicine at Randolph Field near San Antonio, Texas. 1969 Col. Stanley C. White, M.D., USAF, M.C. Following the German defeat in May, 1945, Strughold claimed to Allied authorities that, despite his influential position within the Luftwaffe Medical Service and his attendance at the October 1942 medical conference, he had no knowledge of the atrocities committed at Dachau. 948–9. Further questions about Strughold's activities during World War II emerged in 2004 following an investigation conducted by the Historical Committee of the German Society of Air and Space Medicine. During these proceedings, Strughold contributed several affidavits for the defense on behalf of his accused colleagues. Atmospheric space equivalence. Strughold retired from his position at NASA in 1968. With the outbreak of World War II in 1939, Strughold's organization was absorbed into the Luftwaffe itself and was attached its medical service. 7; pp 716–9. Though Strughold was ostensibly a civilian researcher, the majority of the studies and projects his Institute undertook were commissioned and financed by the German armed forces (principally the Luftwaffe) as part of the ongoing German re-armament. Strughold was born in the town of Westtünnen-im-Hamm in the Prussian province of Westphalia on 15 June 1898. Beginning in 1935 he served as chief of Aeromedical Research for the German Luftwaffe, holding this position throughout World War II. pressure suits worn by early American astronauts. Randolph's Aeromedical Library Dr. Hubertus Strughold MD, Ph.D (June 15, 1898 – September 25, 1986) was a German-born physiologist and prominent medical researcher. Between 1952 and 1954 he would oversee the building of the space cabin simulator, a sealed chamber in which human test subjects were placed for extended periods of time in order to view the potential physical, astrobiological, and psychological effects of extra-atmospheric flight. at the Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg in 1927. [4][5] Strughold coined the terms "space medicine" and "astrobiology" to describe this area of study in 1948. In this capacity Strughold edited German Aviation Medicine in World War II, a book-length summary of the knowledge gained by German aviation researchers during the war. A similar campaign by American scholars prompted the US branch of the Aerospace Medical Association to announce in 2012 that it would also consider rechristening a similar award, also named in Strughold's honor, which it had been bestowing since 1963. 25(4): 420-424. [4][5] In 1951 Strughold revolutionized existing notions concerning spaceflight when he co-authored the influential research paper Where Does Space Begin? Strughold obtained US citizenship in 1956 and was named chief scientist of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Aerospace Medical Division in 1962. [3] It was while at Randolph Field that Strughold began conducting some of the first research into the potential medical challenges posed by space travel, in conjunction with fellow "Paperclip Scientist" Dr. Heinz Haber. These experiments included physiological tests during which camp inmates were immersed in freezing water, placed in air pressure chambers and made to endure invasive surgical procedures without anesthetic. Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal linked Strughold to medical experiments in habil.)

2002. pp. Medicine at Randolph Air Force Base, Texas (now the School of Aerospace In 1949 Strughold was In 1947 he was brought to the United States as part of Operation Paperclip and held a series of high-ranking medical positions with both the US Air Force and NASA. (July 2007), "Hubertus Strughold: The 'Father of Space Medicine'", Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine; Vol. 1970 RearAdm Frank Burkhart Voris, MC, USN, 1989 Brig. Hubertus Strughold Used Dachau Concentration Camp Inmates as Human Guinea Pigs, and Experimented on Children From a Mental Asylum Doctor Hubertus Strughold (1898 – 1986) was a prominent German medical researcher, who served as the Luftwaffe’s chief aeromedical researcher from 1935 until the end of WW2. He remained at Würzburg and pursued a career as a professor of physiology.

Paperclip and subsequently played an important role in developing the Campbell, M., and Harsch, V. (2013) Hubertus Strughold: Life and Work in the Fields of Space Medicine. He also directed the specialized training of the flight surgeons and medical staff of the Apollo program in advance of the planned . [8] The award was presented every year from 1963 through 2012 to a Space Medicine Branch member for outstanding contributions in applications and research in the field of space-related medical research. [1] Following his death, Strughold's activities under the Nazis came under greater scrutiny and allegations surrounding his involvement in Nazi-era human experimentation greatly diminished his reputation. Musgrave, S (2000). In April 1935 the government of Nazi Germany appointed Strughold to serve as the director of the Berlin-based Research Institute for Aviation Medicine, a medical think tank that operated under the auspices of Hermann Göring's Ministry of Aviation. However, a 1946 memorandum produced by the staff of the Nuremberg Trials listed Strughold as one of thirteen "persons, firms or individuals implicated" in the war crimes committed at Dachau.

1981 Nov;40(6):583-584. med.) Also, several of the former Luftwaffe physicians associated with Strughold and the Institute for Aviation Medicine (among them Strughold's former research assistant Hermann Becker-Freyseng) were convicted of crimes against humanity in connection with the Dachau experiments at the 1947 Nuremberg Doctor's Trial.

According to these findings six epileptic children, between the ages of 11 and 13, were taken from the Nazi’s Brandenburg Euthanasia Centre to Strughold’s Berlin laboratory where they were placed in vacuum chambers to induce epileptic seizures in an effort to simulate the effects of high-altitude sicknesses, such as hypoxia.

Rethra Verlag: Norderstedt, Germany, 235. [8] The award was presented every year from 1963 through 2012 to a Space Medicine Branch member for outstanding contributions in applications and research in the field of space-related medical research. Earl H. Wood, M.D., Ph.D". The following year he was appointed as the first and only Professor of Space Medicine at the US Air Force's newly established School of Aviation Medicine (SAM), one of the first institutions dedicated to conducting research on the so-called "human factors" associated with manned spaceflight. Rethra Verlag: Norderstedt, Germany, 235. It was renamed the Air Force Institute for Aviation Medicine, and placed under the command of Luftwaffe Surgeon-General (Generaloberstabsarzt) Erich Hippke. in 1922. Campbell, Mark R., et al. During his work on behalf of the Air Force and NASA, Strughold was the subject of three separate US government investigations into his suspected involvement in war crimes committed under the Nazis. Atmospheric space equivalence.

While, unlike the Dachau experiments, all the test subjects survived the research process, this revelation led the Society of Air and Space Medicine to abolish a major award bearing Strughold’s name. AND AEROSPACE MEDICINE. He was never subsequently charged with any wrongdoing by the Allies. habil.) by KENNETH M. EARLE, M.D.

Strughold returned to Germany the following year and accepted a teaching position at the Würzburg Physiological Institute, eventually becoming an adjunct professor there in 1933. of Fame at the New Mexico Museum of Space History for the same reason. He later went on to obtain his medical degree (Dr. His portrait, however, still hangs there. Hubertus Strughold was a German-born physiologist and pioneer of space medicine, a term he coined in 1948, and the author of over 180 papers in the field.

Hello world!

Click to share thisClick to share this