northern canada natural resources

Some particular regions of the Shield are referred to as mountain ranges, including the Torngat and Laurentian Mountains. [4] Much of the Canadian Arctic is covered by ice and permafrost. [54], The Atlantic watershed drains the entirety of the Atlantic provinces (parts of the Quebec-Labrador border are fixed at the Atlantic Ocean-Arctic Ocean continental divide), most of inhabited Quebec and large parts of southern Ontario.

Major elements are the Yukon, Columbia and Fraser rivers. The climate varies from temperate on the west coast of British Columbia[15] to a subarctic climate in the north. INAC works closely with Indigenous and Northern partners to develop strategies to protect human health and the environment, while facilitating economic development. Forest products contribute to one fifth of the nation's exports. INAC works closely with Indigenous and Northern partners to develop strategies to protect human health and the environment, while facilitating economic development. Main crops in Canada include flax, oats, wheat, maize, barley, sugar beets and rye in the prairies; flax and maize in Western Ontario; Oats and potatoes in the Maritimes. This watershed irrigates the agriculturally important areas of inner British Columbia (such as the Okanagan and Kootenay valleys), and is used to produce hydroelectricity. The Western Cordillera continues northwards past the Liard River in northernmost British Columbia to include the Mackenzie and Selwyn Ranges which lie in the far western Northwest Territories and the eastern Yukon Territory. These hills are known for a great richness in precious minerals. There are pillow lavas in the Northwest Territories that are about 2.6 billion years old and are preserved in the Cameron River Volcanic Belt. It is the largest lake in the world that naturally drains in two directions. There are significant dairy regions in central Nova Scotia, southern New Brunswick, the St. Lawrence Valley, northeastern Ontario, southwestern Ontario, the Red River valley of Manitoba and the valleys in the British Columbia Interior, on Vancouver Island and in the Lower Mainland. Air pollution and resulting acid rain severely affects lakes and damages forests. [1] Greenland is to the northeast and to the southeast Canada shares a maritime boundary with France's overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, the last vestige of New France. [44] Prior to its colonization and heavy urban sprawl of the 20th century, this Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests area was home to large mixed forests covering a mostly flat area of land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Canadian Shield. There are over 200 young volcanic centres that stretch northward from the Cascade Range to Yukon.
Please visit the respective program websites for more information. A small area of southwestern Saskatchewan is drained by Battle Creek, which empties into the Milk River.[55]. Canada has 7,200 square kilometres (2,800 mi2) of irrigated land (1993 estimate). Canada covers 9,984,670 km 2 (3,855,100 sq mi) and a panoply of various geoclimatic regions, of which there are 8 main regions. The Canadian Prairies are part of a vast sedimentary plain covering much of Alberta, southern Saskatchewan, and southwestern Manitoba, as well as much of the region between the Rocky Mountains and the Great Slave and Great Bear lakes in Northwest Territories. Western Canada has many volcanoes and is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, a system of volcanoes found around the margins of the Pacific Ocean. Boreal forests prevail throughout the country, ice is prominent in northerly Arctic regions and through the Rocky Mountains, and the relatively flat Canadian Prairies in the southwest facilitate productive agriculture. The Canadian shield is also called the mineral house. [43] Parts of the Appalachians are home to a rich endemic flora and fauna and are considered to have been nunataks during the last glaciation era. The Natural Resources & Environmental Studies Institute (NRESi) builds connections among university researchers and communities or external experts to advance understanding of natural resources and the environment. Canada's position between the Soviet Union (now Russia) and the U.S. was strategically important during the Cold War since the route over the North Pole and Canada was the fastest route by air between the two countries and the most direct route for intercontinental ballistic missiles. This watershed has been little used for hydroelectricity, with the exception of the Mackenzie River, the longest river in Canada. According to Statistics Canada, 72.0 percent of the population is concentrated within 150 kilometres (93 mi) of the nation's southern border with the United States, 70.0% live south of the 49th parallel, and over 60 percent of the population lives along the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River between Windsor, Ontario, and Quebec City. Notable mountains in the Appalachians include Mount Jacques-Cartier (Quebec, 1,268 m or 4,160 ft), Mount Carleton (New Brunswick, 817 m or 2,680 ft), The Cabox (Newfoundland, 814 m or 2,671 ft).

Global climate change and the warming of the polar region will likely cause significant changes to the environment, including loss of the polar bear,[60] the exploration for resource then the extraction of these resources and an alternative transport route to the Panama Canal through the Northwest Passage.

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