opisthotonus meaning

It has been shown to occur naturally in birds, snakes suffering from advanced boid inclusion body disease, and placental mammals, among existing animals; it is observed in some articulated dinosaur fossils.[3][2]. This page was last edited on 24 May 2017, at 15:51.
New Latin, from Ancient Greek ὄπισθεν (ópisthen, “ behind ”) + τόνος (tónos, “ tension ”). Opisthotonus or opisthotonos (from Ancient Greek: ὄπισθεν, romanized: opisthen, lit. ‘This is known as opisthotonus and is most common in children with the infection.’ ‘If the trunk is involved, shoulder shrugging, tortipelvis, opisthotonus, or scoliosis may occur.’ Origin All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. 'behind' and τόνος, tonos, 'tension') is a state of severe hyperextension and spasticity in which an individual's head, neck and spinal column enter into a complete "bridging" or "arching" position. Opisthotonus can be produced experimentally in animals by transection of the midbrain (between the superior colliculus and the inferior colliculus), which results in severing all the corticoreticular fibers. New Latin, from Ancient Greek ὄπισθεν (ópisthen, “behind”) + τόνος (tónos, “tension”). ), Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=opisthotonos&oldid=43713505, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Opisthotonus can be triggered by any attempt at movement, such as smiling, feeding, speech, or by involuntary movement, such as seizures.

Opisthotonus with the presence of the risus sardonicus is also a symptom of strychnine poisoning and prussic acid (hydrogen cyanide) poisoning. This pose is also common in complete dinosaur skeletal fossils and it has been suggested that this is due to the animal drowning or being immersed in water soon after death.[3]. Opisthotonus can sometimes be seen in lithium intoxication. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing. [1][2], This extreme arched pose is an extrapyramidal effect and is caused by spasm of the axial muscles along the spinal column. Opisthotonus or opisthotonos (from Ancient Greek: ὄπισθεν, romanized: opisthen, lit. It is a rare extrapyramidal side effect of phenothiazines, haloperidol, and metoclopramide. https://www.thefreedictionary.com/opisthotonos, She presented paroxysmal and abdominal seizure during sleep accompanied with white foam from the mouth and, In traditional Chinese medicine, the category "convulsive disease" included back stiffness, tics of the limbs, and, The observed signs are depression, severe drooling, vomiting, abdominal pain, tachycardia, dyspnea, weakness, muscle tremors, moaning, ataxia, recumbency, and, Neurologic symptoms include depression, anorexia, blindness, convulsions, incoordination, depression, and, The disease in piglets is characterized by shivering and, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Pregnancy Combined with Epilepsy and Cerebral Cavernous Malformation, Effects of Gualou Guizhi Decoction Aqueous Extract on Axonal Regeneration in Organotypic Cortical Slice Culture after Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation, Rhododendron simsii poisoning in goats in Southern Brazil/ Intoxicacao por Rhododendron simsii em caprinos no Sul do Brasil, Ruminal acidosis in feedlot: from aetiology to prevention, Pseudorabies virus variant in Bartha-K61-vaccinated pigs, China, 2012, Opitz Trigonocephaly Syndrome Family Network. When this symptom appears, hospitalization is required immediately in order for doctors to … This could lead to an inversely arching, hyperextension of the spine known as opisthotonus, which also is spelled opisthotonos, translated from the Greek to mean "tension from behind." Opisthotonos may also occur as a sign of reduced brain function or injury to the nervous system. from Greek roots, opistho meaning "behind" and tonos meaning "tension", is a state of severe hyperextension and spasticity in which an individual's head, neck and spinal column enter into a complete "bridging" or "arching" position. As no morphological modifications were observed in the brain of the pigeons before and after treatment with thiamine, Peters introduced the concept of a biochemical lesion. Opisthotonus is a symptom of "lavender foal syndrome", a lethal genetic disorder in horses.[4]. A range of conditions from meningitis to a brain tumor could cause a person's nervous system to fail. This marked extensor tone can cause infants to "rear backwards" and stiffen out as the mother or nurse attempts to hold or feed them. If not treated, the animals died after a few days. Definition of Opisthotonus : Opisthotonus or opisthotonos is a state of severe hyperextension and spasticity in which an individual’s head, neck and spinal column enter into a complete “bridging” or “arching” position. Severe "arching" (hyperextension) occurs due to stimulus by the anterior reticulospinal tract caused by the loss of the balancing inhibitory counter-stimulus of corticoreticular fibers, which normally act upon the pons reticular formation. Indeed, feeding the pigeons upon polished rice leads to an easily recognizable behavior of head retraction, a condition called opisthotonos.
Opisthotonus is a symptom of some cases of severe cerebral palsy and traumatic brain injury or as a result of the severe muscular spasms associated with tetanus. Noun . Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. Coordinate terms . Opisthotonus is also described as a potential CNS symptom of heat stroke along with bizarre behavior, hallucinations, decerebrate rigidity, oculogyric crisis, and cerebellar dysfunction. The following underlying causes can lead to these spasms: Brain conditions Meningitis. Opisthotonos may occur in infants with meningitis.This is an infection of the meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Opisthotonus is seen with drowning victims – called the "opisthotonic death pose". This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Opisthotonus is a type of abnormal posture where the back becomes extremely arched due to muscle spasms. A similar tonic posturing may be seen in Sandifer syndrome. 'behind' and τόνος, tonos, 'tension') is a state of severe hyperextension and spasticity in which an individual's head, neck and spinal column enter into a complete "bridging" or "arching" position. Individuals with opisthotonus are quite challenging to position, especially in wheelchairs and car seats. emprosthotonos, emprosthotonus; orthotonos, orthotonus; pleurosthotonos, pleurosthotonus (See the entry for opisthotonos in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913. Administration of thiamine at the stage of opisthotonos led to a complete cure within 30 minutes. opisthotonos synonyms, opisthotonos pronunciation, opisthotonos translation, English dictionary definition of opisthotonos. opisthotonus; Etymology . Sir Rudolph Peters, in Oxford, introduced thiamine-deprived pigeons as a model for understanding how thiamine deficiency can lead to the pathological-physiological symptoms of beriberi. Meningitis is the most common reason for these spasms.


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