oldest roman emperor

Defeated, General under Licinius, elevated in opposition to Constantine, Executed in lead-up to a peace settlement between Licinius and Constantine, Senior bureaucrat under Licinius, elevated in opposition to Constantine, Deposed by Constantine and banished to Cappadocia, executed the following year, Son and heir of Constantine I, acclaimed by the troops jointly with his brothers, Constantius II and Constans, Son and heir of Constantine I, acclaimed by the troops jointly with his brothers, Constantine II and Constans, Son and heir of Constantine I, acclaimed by the troops jointly with his brothers Constantine II and Constantius II, General of Constans, proclaimed emperor in opposition to Magnentius and temporarily recognized by Constantius II, Compelled to abdicate and retire, died 6 years later, Acclaimed by the Gallic army in early 360, became sole undisputed emperor after the death of his cousin, Constantius II, Commander of Julian's household guard, acclaimed as emperor by the troops after Julian's death, Elevated by his brother, Valentinian, and given charge of the eastern provinces. Holland, T. Abacus, 978-0349115634, Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty, Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty, Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty, Byzantine Empire under the Nikephorian dynasty, Byzantine Empire under the Macedonian dynasty, Byzantine Empire under the Komnenos dynasty, Byzantine Empire under the Angelos dynasty, Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty, "Imperial Elements in the Formula of the Roman Emperors during the First Two and a Half Centuries of the Empire", The Imperial Index: The Rulers of the Roman Empire From Augustus to Constantine XI Palaeologus, List of the Roman Emperors 27 BC – 395 AD, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_emperors&oldid=1022953160, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14 (aged 75), Stepson, former son-in-law and adopted son of Augustus, 16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37 (aged 77), Grandnephew and adoptive grandson of Tiberius, great-grandson of Augustus, Uncle of Caligula, grandnephew of Augustus, proclaimed emperor by the Praetorian Guard and accepted as such by the Senate, 1 August 10 BC – 13 October AD 54 (aged 63), Grandnephew, stepson, son-in-law and adopted son of Claudius, great-great-grandson of Augustus, Revolted against Nero and seized power after his suicide, 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69 (aged 72), Seized the purple in a coup against Galba, Seized power with support of Rhine legions, in opposition to Galba and Otho, 24 September 15 – 20 December 69 (aged 54), Seized power with the support of the eastern legions, 30 December 39 – 13 September 81 (aged 41), Brother of Titus and son of Vespasian, was accepted as emperor by the Praetorian Guard and the Senate, 24 October 51 – 18 September 96 (aged 44), Proclaimed emperor after the murder of Domitian. Head of the Roman army in Dalmatia, seized power from Glycerius. https://www.thoughtco.com/age-at-accession-of-roman-emperors-120834 The oldest to ascend to the emperorship was his grandfather, Gordian I, at the ripe old age of 79. The name of Augustus itself was given by the Senate as an honor and symbols of his grand achievements for Roman Empire. Appointed by his father, the master of soldiers, Son and successor of Arcadius, elevated to rank of. Top Answer. Gallienus, though not in control of the whole Empire, and plagued by other claimants, was the legitimate heir of (the legitimate emperor) Valerian. Replaced Constantine with his own son John II in 1087. Gill, N.S. You are in the right place and time to meet your ambition. The first Emperor of Rome was Caesar Augustus. Caesar Augustus (23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) was the first Roman emperor, reigning from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. "The Age of Accession of Roman Emperors." Lucky You! [5][6][7] The word 'legitimate' is used by most authors, but usually without clear definition, perhaps not surprisingly, since the emperorship was itself rather vaguely defined legally. The Roman empire derives its origin from the Roman Republic after its ascent to the dominant power in Europe. Counting all individuals to have possessed the full imperial title, including those who did not technically rule in their own right (e.g. "(HRE)" indicates a semi-sovereign state within the Holy Roman Empire and a reign that concluded before the dissolution of the Empire in 1806. There are a few examples where individuals were made co-emperor, but never wielded power in their own right (typically the child of an emperor); these emperors are legitimate, but are not included in regnal lists, and in this article are listed together with the senior emperor. The line of emperors continued until the death of Constantine XI Palaiologos during the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, when the remaining territories were captured by the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed II. For more details, see our Privacy Policy. Any individual who undisputedly ruled the whole Empire, Where there were multiple claimants, and none were legitimate heirs, the claimant accepted by the, This page was last edited on 13 May 2021, at 13:26. In the 7th century reign of Heraclius, the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 saw much of Rome's eastern territory lost to the Sasanian Empire, recovered by Heraclius, and then lost permanently to Arab Muslim conquests after the death of Muhammad and establishment of Islam. Alexios died in Attaleia on 2 August 1142 of a fever, Overthrown and lynched in a popular uprising, John also seized and probably killed, Captured by crusaders of the newly founded Latin Empire and publicly executed. Notes. until his death in 14 A.D. Unless otherwise indicated, all dates are A.D. However, he was traditionally considered the "last Roman Emperor" by 18th and 19th century western scholars and his overthrow by Odoacer used as the marking point between historical epochs, and as such he is usually included in regnal lists. The "Tetrarchy" proclaimed by Diocletian in 293 split the empire into two halves each to be ruled separately by two emperors, a senior "Augustus", and a junior "Caesar". Under the republic, regions of the empire were ruled by provincial governors answerable to and authorised by the Senate and People of Rome. Adopted son and son-in-law of Antoninus Pius. Younger sister of Zoe, raised to co-empress in 1042. Augustus was the great-nephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar, something which allowed him to seize power.. Gill, N.S. The emperors listed in this article are those generally agreed to have been 'legitimate' emperors, and who appear in published regnal lists. Proclaimed his son Nikephoros as co-emperor in 741/742, Son-in-law of Nikephoros I, appointed his son Theophylact (born c. 793) as co-emperor on 25 December 811, Rebellion, appointed his son Symbatios as co-emperor under the name Constantine on Christmas 813, Murdered by successor's conspirators; Constantine died in exile in monastery on, Only son of Michael II and co-emperor since 821. Claudius Gothicus, though acceding illegally, and not in control of the whole Empire, was the only claimant accepted by the Senate, and thus, for his reign, was the legitimate emperor. Furthermore, after 455 the Western emperor ceased to be a relevant figure and there was sometimes no claimant at all. Starved to death alongside his father, Basiliscus, Adopted son of Justin II, regent from 574. ThoughtCo. Chosen by Constantine VIII to marry his daughter Zoe and succeed him as emperor. A person could be proclaimed as emperor by their troops or by "the mob" in the street, but in theory needed to be confirmed by the Senate. https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/rome-history/facts-roman-emperors Died in 1059, confined to a monastery after having been deposed by his successor. Son of Constantine X Doukas and co-emperor since 1059, resigned the throne in 1078. He laid the foundation of the Northern Frontier of Rome by his conquests in Dalmatia, Pannonia, Germania and Raetia. For most of the period from 286 to 480, there was more than one recognised senior emperor, with the division usually based in geographic terms. Both Stephen and Constantine died in exile as monks; Stephen on Easter 963 on, Chosen by the army, acted as senior emperor during the regency of young emperors Basil II and Constantine VIII, Nephew of Nikephoros II Phokas, succeeded as senior emperor and regent for the young emperors Basil II and Constantine VIII. Many of the 'legitimate' emperors listed here acceded to the position by usurpation, and many 'illegitimate' claimants had a legitimate claim to the position. Born on 17/18 May 905. The Roman Empire has seen a long history with many ups and downs, and witnessed a large number of social, economic, and financial changes during its development. Appointed his son Matthew as co-emperor in 1353, Son of John V, co-emperor since 1352, deposed his father John V in 1376, Restored to the throne after overthrowing his son Andronikos IV, Rebellion, son and co-emperor of Andronikos IV, deposed his grandfather John V, Restored to the throne after overthrowing his grandson John VII. Wiki User Answered 2010-10-06 03:12:13. Ruling from 27 B.C-14 A.D., Augustus was not just the founder of the Empire, but also the emperor with the longest reign. Theodosius' eldest son Arcadius became emperor in the East while his younger son Honorius became emperor in the West. A prominent general and courtier, elevated by his brother-in-law Honorius as a reward for his military successes. Appointed by Gratian to replace Valens in the east. For other individuals claiming the title of Emperor, see. Oldest son of Constans II, co-emperor since 654. Son and heir of Septimius Severus, ruled jointly with his brother, Son and heir of Septimius Severus, ruled jointly with his brother, Caracalla, 164 or 166 – mid-218 (aged approximately 53), Son of Macrinus, named emperor by his father after the eruption of a rebellion in favor of, Cousin and alleged illegitimate son of Caracalla, grandnephew of Septimius Severus, proclaimed emperor by the army, in opposition to Macrinus, 203 or 204 – 11 March 222 (aged around 18), Cousin and adopted heir of Elagabalus, grandnephew of Septimius Severus, proclaimed emperor by the troops, Proclaimed emperor by Germanic legions after the murder of Severus Alexander, Committed suicide upon hearing of the death of his son, Gordian II, Proclaimed emperor alongside father Gordian I, during revolt in Africa against Maximinus, Tortured and murdered by the Praetorian Guard, Proclaimed emperor jointly with Pupienus by the Senate after death of Gordian I and II, in opposition to Maximinus, Grandson of Gordian I, appointed as heir by Pupienus and Balbinus, upon whose deaths he succeeded as emperor, 20 January 225 – c. February 244 (aged 19), Son of Philip the Arab, named co-emperor in 247, c. 201 – June 251 (aged approximately 50), Son and heir of Decius, accepted as emperor by, Probably died of the plague, possibly killed by Trebonianus Gallus, Proclaimed emperor by the army after Decius's death, Son of Trebonianus Gallus, appointed joint emperor, September 253 – c. September 268 (15 years), Brother of Claudius Gothicus, proclaimed emperor after his death, Committed suicide or killed at the behest of Aurelian, Supreme commander of the Roman cavalry, proclaimed emperor by Danube legions after Claudius's death, in opposition to Quintillus, 9 September 214 – c. October 275 (aged 61), Died of an illness or killed by his own troops, Likely half-brother of Tacitus, proclaimed emperor by the troops after Tacitus's death, Murdered by his own troops, in favour of Probus, Proclaimed emperor by eastern legions, in opposition to, 19 August 232 – c. September 282 (aged 50), Praetorian prefect to Probus, seized power before or after Probus's murder, Eldest son of Carus, who appointed him joint emperor, Probably died in battle against Diocletian, likely betrayed by his men, Younger son and heir of Carus, reigned jointly with his older brother, Carinus, Died during army march to Europe, probably of disease, possibly assassinated, Proclaimed emperor by the army after death of, Son of Constantius I, acclaimed by his father's troops. The Age of Accession of Roman Emperors. 11 January 347 – 17 January 395 (aged 48), Usurped power from Gratian, recognized as ruler of. Her three husbands, Romanos III (1028–1034), Michael IV (1034–1041) and Constantine IX (1042–1050) ruled alongside her. Deposed, blinded, castrated and tonsured after attempting to sideline Zoe and her sister Theodora Divi... Co-Emperor but Andronikos died before his father, Basiliscus, adopted son of Romanos II, regent 574. 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