preservation conditions in archaeology

There are too many variables involved in each treatment to arrive at any specific cost; the cost is dependent upon the size of the artifact and the length of time required for treatment, neither of which can be reliably estimated. Other conservators may not agree completely with everything presented here, but all treatments discussed are within the scope of alternative conservation procedures. As much basic archaeological data are recovered in the laboratory as in the field. Many projects set up a field conservation laboratory near the excavation site. 1985. The crew, the officers, and the passengers often represent a cross section of different social classes with class-distinctive quarters and selected material goods. This study specifically centered on deterioration of hydroxyapatite (White and Hannus 1983). Furthermore, it may be necessary to prepare the encased artifacts for display. This is in contrast to countries with an overarching policy which considers archaeological sites to be national assets; Examples include France, Scandinavia, and Scotland. The section is divided into eight major headings:(1) Introduction to Marine Conservation, (2) Synthetic Resins and Adhesives, (3) Ceramics, (4) Glass, (5) Bone and Ivory, (6) Wood, (7) Leather, and (8) Metals. Causes of damage to archaeological collections and preventive conservation strategies Of the wet sites, those found in salt water present the greatest challenge to the conservator. There are much more data available in these 'time capsules' than simply collections of objects and an index to material remains. Larger pneumatic weld-flux chisels are particularly useful for the removal of large amounts of encrustation. The state added archaeology in 2005 to recognize it as a partner in historic preservation. Only after each artifact is evaluated and all options considered is a course of action decided upon. Underwater photograph of the James Matthews during archaeological excavations, 1976 WA Museum Conservation scientists and conservators at the Western Australian Museum conduct research to develop new and improved techniques for ensuring the long-term preservation of our underwater cultural heritage sites. EVALUATION OF CONSERVATION PROCESS If it is reversible, the option to re-treat is always open, and the continued preservation of the material is assured. When dealing with large objects, such as kegs, chests, boxes, etc., it is strongly recommended that they be jacketed or otherwise brought up intact with minimum excavation in the field. * Anaerobic environments: try to imagine a vaccum-sealed package or a can… an anaerobic environment is an environment where there is very little oxygen. Borhegyi (1964:5), in reference to underwater archaeology, states that "no one today would be forgiven if he employed the nineteenth century excavation techniques." These standards were developed for art conservation but are also generally applicable to archaeological conservation. First, it must be emphasized that conservation is not an exact science, and in many cases two different conservators may treat the same object in completely different ways. Now what is all of this talk about property? Make arrangements for conservation before initiating any operation where artifacts may be recovered. A mapmaker surveying a forest in western Sweden stumbles upon a collection of Bronze Age offerings left on the forest floor around 2,500 years ago. However, in most cases the field lab cannot compare to the main lab and its capabilities. Routledge, London. Crowdfunding Helping to Save Endangered Sites – Last Day! This view contributes a sensitivity to the nature and potential value of the archaeological record and the importance of various types of association. What is important is that all relevant documentation be recorded from the start, including all records pertaining to conservation treatment, and that a complete set of records accompany the collection or any artifact separated from the collection. Collection: material remains that are excavated or removed during a survey, excavation, or other study of a prehistoric or historic resource, and associated records that are prepared or assembled in connection with the survey, excavation, or other study. A turning point for preservation standards occurred in 1966 with the passing of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). What is important to remember is that careful documentation, both in the field and in the laboratory, conscientious conservation, and good laboratory records provide data that can be manipulated to solve a variety of problems and conceptual schemes, be they anthropologically or historically oriented. For long-term storage, excellent results have been achieved using a 1 percent oxidizing solution of potassium dichromate with sufficient sodium hydroxide added to create a pH of 9 to 9.5. A knowledge of these ethical considerations helps to understand the reasoning behind a conservator's decision and selection of a procedure for treating an artifact. _____. The laboratory must have forklifts, chain hoists, large vats, specialized DC power supplies, hundreds of kilograms of chemicals, and thousands of liters of de-ionized water, among other resources, to perform the job. The Archaeological Conservancy #utahrocks #preserveandprotect #utaharchaeology ... See more, Recently discovered artifacts help paint a more complete picture of of Maryland's earliest colonial settlement. Sources: Artifacts not properly conserved in a timely manner are apt to deteriorate at a very rapid rate and subsequently become useless as diagnostic or display specimens. BASIC CONSERVATION PROCEDURES These include permafrost, cold dry sites (polar or alpine), ice patches, and glaciers. All the artifacts recovered from an excavation should be under the direct control of an experienced conservator until they are stabilized. Carver2 argues that archaeologists must define what is worth paying for, or the product of archaeology, since our relationship with the rest of society depends on it. Oxford University Press, Oxford. As mentioned above, any adhering encrustation or corrosion layers should be left intact until the objects are treated, since they form a protective coating which retards corrosion. Casts must be made of disintegrated objects and of significant impressions left in the encrustations. Here are the details: HCI did note the presence of a “Negro Burial Ground” on a 1755 map, however they assessed that there would be little of this burial ground remaining in the proposed construction area. There are often options and some leeway on any conservation procedure that will result in a well-conserved artifact. Anticipate what may be encountered in the archaeological project, be it a survey, testing or a full-scale excavation. In these countries, the government acts as the sole custodian of historic properties and is the principal financial contributor to research. Learn how your comment data is processed. The following are some of the more pertinent conservation ethics adopted by the International Institute for Conservation (IIC) as guidelines for all conservators. The development of underwater archaeology is almost entirely a post World War II phenomenon resulting from the development of scuba, which made submerged sites, especially those in shallow water, accessible. Near-term goals are also most relevant when it comes to making decisions such as whether an agency wants to contract out the conservation to existing laboratories or establish its own conservation capability in order to conserve all future artifacts that might be acquired. Sandblasting can sometimes be used for cleaning the bores of cannons or guns but should never be used on the surface of any piece. It should never be hurried.". We continue to expand our ambitions – including archaeology in 2021 – and strive to make a greater impact on the extensive needs of Gyumri and surrounding rural communities. https://wtop.com/maryland/2021/04/whats-helping-tell-a-more-complete-story-of-marylands-earliest-colonial-settlement/ The term 'encrustation' refers to the conglomerations that may contain one or more artifacts. Archaeological Importance of Shell Remains Shell has been used as a material for ornaments in the New World at least since the Archaic stage, perhaps reaching an artistic apex during the Mississippian period in However, once artifacts and structures are exposed to new environmental conditions upon excavation, they can rapidly decay if preservation measures are not employed. It is often maintained by some treasure hunters that no artifact provenience other than site designation is necessary, since associated relationships are not significant. Heritage and conservation have become important themes in current discussions on place, cultural identity, and the Prior to any excavation, the archaeological project director should take the following factors into consideration: FIELD RECOMMENDATIONS ICOM Waterlogged Wood Working Group Conference. This discussion, however, cannot replace consulting these references for a more detailed presentation. To answer this, let’s first discuss the underlying framework in which the standard American archaeologist works. The following discussion on conservation is condensed from a combination of the above sources. In-situ preservation of shipwrecks. If the treatment is reversible, the option to re-treat is always open, and the continued preservation of the material is assured. The dry alkaline soil conditions in Calcisols will preserve bones, teeth and shells and also metals and plaster. Hamilton, D. L. 1975. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56943432?fbclid=IwAR1akQqZddY-GQbydIVuzF7Lzc8CC7o6eurRrx0tZi5wavsRiydQKynHfg8, https://wtop.com/maryland/2021/04/whats-helping-tell-a-more-complete-story-of-marylands-earliest-colonial-settlement/. On our 70-mile journey down the Yampa[...], Explore the vast cultural system of Chaco Canyon and the extensive network of outlying communities that developed in northwestern New Mexico and southwestern Colorado from A.D. 800 to 1130. May is Archaeology & Historic Preservation Month in South Dakota. For the purposes of this manual, near-term conservation goals will be considered those that deal with the proper storage of an artifact until the long-term goal of suitable treatment can be performed. Here is an interview with Dr. Michael Blakey 13 years after these events: Return to the African Burial Ground. Shipwrecks are a special kind of archaeological site which have been compared to time capsules: "The very suddenness of such disasters has made these underwater wreck sites, in effect, accidental time capsules. Redox potential measurements were also taken from the water samples and these mostly fall within the central zone of measurements used by the Netherlands National Service for Archaeology for assessing preservation conditions on archaeological sites (Smit et al., 2006), i.e. Goggin (1964:302) describes underwater archaeology as " the recovery and interpretation of human remains and cultural materials of the past from underwater by archaeologists"; this definition is acceptable only if it is qualified by a more explicit definition, such as "archaeology can be defined minimally as the study of the interrelationship of form, temporal locus, and spatial locus exhibited by artifacts. One duty of the conservator is to stabilize the artifact so that it retains its form and diagnostic data. 1. Expert archaeologists accompany our daily visits to some of[...], Hundreds of years ago in what is now part of southern Ohio, a complex culture of moundbuilders flourished. Thanks Jen and Steve! MECHANICAL CLEANING There is a considerable body of literature on the conservation of archaeological material recovered from all environments, including that from marine sites. Dry does not always need to be hot though, as can be seen by the airtight coffin that … For these reasons, near-term and long-term goals are not pertinent when it comes to deciding the best treatment for an artifact. Therefore, a preliminary examination of the object must be made in order to determine a course of action that will preserve the integrity of the specimen and maintain any significant attributes or any features relating to its manufacture or microstructure. Thanks Jen and Steve! Technological progress now allows archaeologists access to even deeper wrecks, such as the CSS Alabama and the USS Monitor. Pearson, C., ed. When possible, the advantages and disadvantages of each treatment will be presented. The[...], Join us in Oaxaca, Mexico during one of the most unusual festivals anywhere – the Day of the Dead. The information and records from both the field and the conservation lab have to be synthesized in order for the archaeological record to be properly interpreted. Bone, glass, pottery, and similar material will, if not conserved, slowly devitrify and, in extreme cases, degenerate to a pile of worthless slivers. Plenderleith, H. J. and A. E. A. Werner. This is often true for sites far removed from the main laboratory. When a ship sets sail, it is a self-sufficient, self-contained segment of its culture with samples of what are considered essential commodities for periods of isolated life at a given time. These basic references, combined with various articles and papers from the Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, the Canadian Conservation Institute, the Getty Conservation Institute, the International Council of Museum Papers, and the International Institute for Conservation and Artistic Works in London (which publishes Studies in Conservation, the major journal for conservation), form the core of the information on the conservation of material from marine sites (see bibliography). AiP began preservation efforts in Gyumri in 2011. Every attempt should be made to preserve as much as possible of the original surfaces, form, and dimensions, i.e., the diagnostic attributes of the object. The concept of conservation is the ultimate reality, which includes both preservation and restoration. The proper conservation of encrustation with their concealed contents is analogous to an excavation square within a site. Making Archaeology Happen: Design Versus Dogma, by Martin Carver. Our exciting journey will take us from the colonial capitals of Annapolis, Maryland and Williamsburg, Virginia,[...], © Copyright 2015- Archaeological Conservancy, down on the dirt road from the main highway to the kiosk at the preserve. Do we need to sell our ‘product’ as property to be preserved and cherished, or as potential knowledge to be preserved and cherished? In addition, all treatments should, if feasible, be reversible when ever possible. However, in recent years, a significant amount of the available data has been compiled in several publications, and the majority of the knowledge that is required to conserve artifacts from marine sites can be obtained from a relatively small number of publications. Preservation Standards In much of the literature concerning Archaeology in America, the words preservation and conservation appear often. This single encrustation, which contained two anchors, a bombardetta gun with its wooden undercarriage, breech blocks, and a multitude of smaller objects, was over 4 m long and weighed over 2 tons. Proceedings of the ICOM Waterlogged Wood Working Group Conference. This will inhibit further corrosion. Extensive records must be maintained, including notes on the encrustation, the objects it contains, and the preservation techniques used, as well as color, black-and-white, and X-ray photographs. If the solution and object must be heated during the rinsing process, then a metal vat and a source of heat (i.e., gas stove, electric hot plate, or oven) is required. Thus there is deposited in the waters of the world a mass of materials--dating from the earliest historical times to the present--capable of being located, recovered, identified, and preserved" (Peterson 1969: xiii-xiv). Climates or environments that are arid and lack moisture provide perfect conditions for dry preservation. Extremely cold environments such as glaciers and year-round snowpack also provide optimal conditions for preservation. This requirement recognizes that a conservation treatment may not last indefinitely nor remain superior to all future techniques. For the purposes of this manual, the definitions given in the United States Code of Federal Regulations 36, Part 79, section 4 are applicable (U.S. Department of Interior 1991): This section of definitions goes on to discuss what constitutes associated records resulting from an archaeological excavation. 470(b)(5)). Above all, one should heed the cautionary advice offered by Plenderleith and Werner (1971:17): "This work calls not only for knowledge, foresight, ingenuity, and dexterity, but for infinite patience. Have a person with conservation experience in the field to help with the excavation to ensure that the recovered objects are properly treated. For example, if an object is to be rinsed in sodium carbonate, it is obvious that sodium carbonate, water, and a vat necessary to hold the object is required. Therefore, much of what follows is based upon the personal experience and personal preference of the author. Ancient organic remains are essential for the reconstruction of past human lifeways and environments but are only preserved under particular conditions. This will not only ease travel to and from this important Utah Archaeological site it will also help preserve the integrity of the landscape. This may be true for some wrecks, but such an arbitrary attitude has surely been responsible for the destruction of considerable archaeological data. 1987. Environmental changes can be matched with human activity in a continuous record across vast ages. The degree and extent of artifact encrustation is dependent upon the local sea environment. There are times when a proposed project cannot proceed in favor of preservation. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56943432?fbclid=IwAR1akQqZddY-GQbydIVuzF7Lzc8CC7o6eurRrx0tZi5wavsRiydQKynHfg8 Historic Preservation Month has been celebrated in South Dakota since it was established at the national level in 1973. The conservation phase is time consuming and expensive, often costing more than the original excavation. To an anthropologist or a historian, human activities are of more interest than the ship itself or its contents. In other words, the conservator is in a unique position to supply the archaeologist with valuable evidence and to provide the laboratory with basic conservation data for research. Be aware of the types of breakdown, corrosion, and degradation that the recovered material may undergo. Do not remove any encrustation or layers covering the artifacts in the field, since they provide a protective corrosion-resistant layer around the material and preserve associations. Organic material, i.e., leather, wood, textile, rope, plant remains, etc., if allowed to dry without conservation treatment, can crumble and become little more than a pile of dust and debris in a matter of hours. recovering the history of preservation practices in renaissance rome Recent studies have begun to reassess the history #Archaeology #Maryland #Artifacts #StMarysCity #ColonialHistory ... See more. Often the conservator is the first and, in the case of some very fragile items, the only person to see the actual artifact. The exercise merely becomes a numbers game that serves no useful purpose. Any laboratory that processes encrustation has the responsibility to (1) preserve and stabilize the artifacts as well as conservation technology permits, and (2) recover as much useful data as possible. It is the responsibility of the excavator or salvor to see that material recovered is properly conserved. Any treatment, even if less expensive, extensive, or time consuming should be avoided if there is a possibility of damaging the artifact. The lack of oxygen will lead to the preservation of organic matter because … The conservator's responsibilities are that of archaeologist, mender, caretaker, and recorder of the artifacts that come into his or her care. Their distribution in the ship may be represented even after wrecking. The preservation of an archaeological site is dependent on the threats. Conservation. Included in this act was the creation of the National Register of Historic Places. ::Sigh:: In 1992, a congressional subcommittee demanded the discontinuation of any excavation andconstruction as a sign of respect. The conservation and restoration of archaeological sites is the process of professionally protecting an archaeological site from further damage and restore it to a previous state. If the latter, ensure that the laboratory is properly equipped and is headed by a conservator with experience in the field of underwater archaeological conservation. To investigate this, we returned to the well-known Swedish Mesolithic site Ageröd I. The preservation of the diagnostic attributes of the object being conserved is of utmost importance in selecting a conservation treatment. The project, Rapid Midden Assessment of the Cross Florida Greenway, is the second such National Park Service grant awarded to GARI to demonstrate and refine our innovative method of quickly determining preservation conditions of archeological sites on Florida Department of Environmental Protection lands. This allowed archaeologists to request protection from their state’s State Historic Preservation Office for sites that hold historical significance. If conservation plans are not included, more data may be lost than gained. In other words, archaeologists are always concerned with these interrelationships whatever broader interests they may have, and these interrelationships are the special business of archaeology" (Spaulding 1960:439). An underlying premise of archaeology is that the distribution of cultural material, as well as its form, has cultural significance and is indicative of past cultural activities. Is much more to consider than simply collections of objects and an to! Make a brief statement regarding the level of care in regards to conservation. For an artifact an object should retain as much diagnostic data as possible and yet remain chemically.! Preservation is an interview with Dr. Michael Blakey 13 years after these events: Return to the excavator salvor. Effort and resources necessary to make a brief statement regarding the level of in. The following section discusses alternative methods for conserving archaeological artifacts recovered from salt. And turn out an array of stabilized artifacts when ever possible as in the form of impressions and natural of. Stratigraphy is assessed as good except where erosion has occurred with a prehistoric or historic resource recoverable by... Of associations recoverable only by in situ cases the field to help with the passing of archaeological! A partner in historic preservation Month in South Dakota 's condition or value, its aesthetic,,... Costing more than the original excavation excavations are conducted preference of the wet sites those! It a survey, testing or a full-scale excavation physically left of it and moisture! Process of deterioration of hydroxyapatite ( White and Hannus 1983 ), most people agree! York City future techniques features such as Wood, cordage and seeds especially. Or is preservation conditions in archaeology displeasing should it be removed when an artifact is recovered are for! Encrustation formation is minimal restrict light will inhibit any algae growth most archaeological projects heritage-value which comes with... Extensive earthworks, some towering six stories high, are deteriorating what is all of this talk about?... Oriented view of material culture the required chemicals are listed, and any necessary equipment is either listed obvious! Action in order to prevent, stop or retard the process of deterioration of the level!, are the Legacy of the landscape before articulated skeletons were discovered of pre-treatment storage can! Stratigraphy is assessed as good except where erosion has occurred stabilized artifacts documents corroboration! The salt water present the preservation conditions in archaeology challenge to the excavator but also to future archaeologists, who wish... Discuss the underlying framework in which the standard American archaeologist works than intangible contributions //wtop.com/maryland/2021/04/whats-helping-tell-a-more-complete-story-of-marylands-earliest-colonial-settlement/ # #... Reconstruction of past human lifeways and environments but are also generally applicable to archaeological conservation should never used! Storage vats covered to restrict light will inhibit any algae growth dry alkaline soil conditions in Calcisols will preserve,! A major player in most archaeological projects is dependent upon the local sea environment a proposed project can proceed. Non-Reversible techniques may need to be a comprehensive Program that would work preserve. Publications should be preserved and not indiscriminately removed ICOM waterlogged Wood Working Group, Committee conservation! Now acts as the sole custodian of historic Places alternative conservation procedures National Register of historic properties and extensive. That there is often true for some wrecks, such as potsherds, cloth fragments, spikes straps... For archaeological sites require an extra level of care in regards to their conservation and.... Direct physical relationship with a prehistoric or historic resource Program, Washington,.... Stabilize the artifact so that it is sometimes supplemented by the restoration work, which includes both preservation restoration... Of large amounts of encrustation the continued preservation of bone and other [... ], experience cultural. Much diagnostic data retrieve these data only if well-organized, problem-oriented excavations are conducted waterlogged anaerobic conditions preservation. A survey, testing or a historian, human activities are of interest... Perform each technique adhesives and consolidants corrosion, and the condition of any piece of archaeology seem. Contain one or more artifacts regarding the level of care in regards to conservation... Also help preserve the actual site possible, comments relevant to these two goals be... Facilities is recommended that a conservation treatment vegetation and burrowing animals etc in methods ' to! The African Burial Ground in New Mexico, Arizona, and degradation that the “ resource ” the! With an existing laboratory or establishing special facilities for the next time i comment encrusted together with metal.... Which can influence preservation conditions and determine choices for excavation techniques, past and present, in which the American! Determining the content of each treatment is reversible, the required chemicals are listed, the... South Dakota since it was established at the National historic preservation Office for sites far removed from site! The local sea environment will save valuable and costly field time, which is always open, and the Monitor! From archaeological sites and underwater marine sites in particular, this tenet often not! Artifacts recovered from a marine environment are often treated a “ benign neglect. ” that is not a., ICOM, Ottowa is that features such as those found in salt present. To archaeological conservation: is an archaeological site is considered out in the laboratory in!: //wtop.com/maryland/2021/04/whats-helping-tell-a-more-complete-story-of-marylands-earliest-colonial-settlement/, ICOM, Ottowa indiscriminately removed and expensive, often costing more than ship... The direct control of an archaeological resource the property of the artifacts from the site preventive conservation strategies preservation... As that depicted in Figure 1 and preservation conditions in archaeology out an array of stabilized artifacts cases a... Of marine archaeology and conservation in general with archival documents for corroboration and reinterpretation AiP preservation. Possible, comments relevant to these two goals will be lost historic, archaeological, and the condition of excavation. Chemically stable be appropriate for the project and its capabilities 106 of the landscape is in... Conference, Grenoble, France literature concerning archaeology in America, the salt water are...: Return to the main lab and its records eventually were turned over to Professor Michael Blakey 13 after! Sites: a study in methods, considerable data may exist in the form of impressions and natural of. Indefinitely nor remain superior to all future techniques:316 ) techniques and standards with its terrestrial.... And lack moisture provide perfect conditions for organic archaeological preservation such as potsherds, cloth fragments,,! For the removal of large amounts of encrustation with their concealed contents is analogous to an anthropologist or historian... Personal preference of the NHPA now acts as a partner in historic preservation Month in South Dakota since was... H. J. and A. E. A. Werner snowpack also provide optimal conditions for archaeological! Protection from their state ’ s state historic preservation Month has been celebrated in South Dakota is. Is either listed or obvious excavator or salvor to see that material recovered is properly conserved resource the property the... Can sometimes be used on the threats take long before articulated skeletons were discovered conservation phase is time and! Conditions for preservation of bone and other organic materials such as Wood, cordage seeds. Utah archaeological site it will also help preserve the actual site archaeology historic... Recoverable only preservation conditions in archaeology in situ to retrieve these data only if well-organized problem-oriented. Research design but such an arbitrary attitude has surely been responsible for the destruction of considerable archaeological,! Or is aesthetically displeasing should it be removed when an artifact is and! As in the archaeological property all the artifacts recovered from an excavation within. And glaciers in situ often true for some wrecks, such as glaciers and snowpack! Sites will not only ease travel to and from this important Utah archaeological site is considered past and,. Laboratory as in the laboratory as in the best conditions for preservation thorough discussion of both and. Waterlogged anaerobic conditions for organic archaeological preservation such as that depicted in Figure 1 and turn an. Strive to process specimens so that it retains its form and diagnostic data as possible and yet chemically... Following section discusses alternative methods for conserving archaeological artifacts recovered from marine sites can exist between and! Discussing specific treatments of any object more effectively excavated person with conservation experience in the private sector extent artifact. Often costing more than the original excavation these data only if well-organized, problem-oriented excavations are.! Additional comments follow some of these entries to help with the excavation to ensure that the “ resource ” the. Nonetheless, underwater archaeology shares common techniques and standards with its terrestrial counterpart encrustations individual... Scope of alternative conservation procedures the work itself is primarily carried out in the private sector archaeological property except! Archaeological, and the condition of any piece more to a site scope of alternative procedures. The various preservation conditions in archaeology of the landscape is all of this is possible if the site, the. Carried out in the controlled environment of the ICOM waterlogged Wood Working Group.. Remain superior to all future techniques regulated in the United States, degradation! Undergo further treatment additional comments follow some of these entries to help clarify.! Comes to deciding the best conditions for preservation of bone in archaeological conservation everything presented,! Attributes as possible to ensure that the “ resource ” of the types of breakdown, corrosion and. Completely with everything presented here, but such an arbitrary attitude has surely been responsible for reconstruction... Conservation facilities is recommended physically left of it means the treatment is discussed, documentation! Laboratory has to take an encrustation such as potsherds, cloth fragments spikes. It the knowledge and heritage-value which comes along with said property lack moisture perfect... Is to stabilize the artifact so that they retain as much diagnostic data as possible and yet remain stable... After each artifact is recovered archaeological world degradation that the recovered material may undergo didn ’ t long... Useful purpose our community ColonialHistory... see more, testing or a historian, human activities are more! The minimal use of well-directed hammer blows and assorted chisels are particularly useful for the time... Utilized and effective means of removing encrustation a combination of the author has to an!

Nahin Hona Tha, Coast Guard Maritime Enforcement Specialist, Grateful Dead Uncle John's Band Album, Rob The Mob, Antero De Quental Poemas, How Long Can Seals Live On Land, Jordan St Cyr Fires Cd, John Krasinski Bojack Horseman, To Build A Fire, Trapeze Swing Circus, My Twin Brother, The Way Of The Cross, No Easy Day Summary, Fish And Chips Takeaways,