is germany in europe

According to the Federal Statistical Office, over 18.6 million people were of partial immigrant ancestry or immigrants by 2016. Bismarck successfully concluded the war with Denmark in 1864; the subsequent decisive Prussian victory in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 enabled him to create the North German Confederation which excluded Austria. The country enjoyed prolonged economic growth (Wirtschaftswunder) beginning in the early 1950s. [67] A government-sponsored programme for economic renewal focused on public works, the most famous of which was the autobahn. Or does it? Richard Wagner was known for his operas. [127][128], Germany is a federal state and comprises sixteen constituent states which are collectively referred to as Länder. According to a French online survey of parents in five European countries, Germany has a relatively high proportion of people who refuse vaccinations, when compared with the … [29] Population declined starting with the Great Famine in 1315, followed by the Black Death of 1348–50. [4][166][167] It is the world's third largest exporter and third largest importer of goods,[4] and has the largest economy in Europe, which is also the world's fourth-largest economy by nominal GDP,[168] and the fifth-largest by PPP. [118] The blue cornflower was once a German national symbol. [181] Well-known international brands include Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Volkswagen, Audi, Siemens, Allianz, Adidas, Porsche, Bosch and Deutsche Telekom. [73] On 1 September 1939, Germany invaded Poland, beginning World War II in Europe;[74] Britain and France declared war on Germany on 3 September. The Federal Republic of Germany was a founding member of the European Economic Community and the European Union, while the German Democratic Republic was a communist Eastern Bloc state and member of the Warsaw Pact. [211], After the United States, Germany is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. [227] This model is well regarded and reproduced all around the world.[229]. [111] Average monthly hours of sunshine ranged from 45 in November 2019 to 300 in June 2019. Following the War of Austrian Succession and the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, Charles VI's daughter Maria Theresa ruled as Empress Consort when her husband, Francis I, became Emperor. Since 1991, the third verse alone has been the national anthem. [113][114], The territory of Germany can be divided into five terrestrial ecoregions: Atlantic mixed forests, Baltic mixed forests, Central European mixed forests, Western European broadleaf forests, and Alps conifer and mixed forests. As of 2017[update], the German military has about 3,600 troops stationed in foreign countries as part of international peacekeeping forces, including about 1,200 supporting operations against Daesh, 980 in the NATO-led Resolute Support Mission in Afghanistan, and 800 in Kosovo. Starting in 1948 West Germany became a major recipient of reconstruction aid under the Marshall Plan. 65% of the highways in Germany (Autobahn) have no speed limit. [19] From southern Scandinavia and north Germany, they expanded south, east, and west, coming into contact with the Celtic, Iranian, Baltic, and Slavic tribes. This is the nature of a single currency – some will be ‘winners’ some will be ‘losers’. After 1945, many of the films of the immediate post-war period can be characterised as Trümmerfilm (rubble film). [267] The largest magazines include ADAC Motorwelt and Der Spiegel. Since 2007, the left-wing populist party The Left has been a staple in the German Bundestag, though they have never been part of the federal government. 750-1050)-language text, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Articles containing Middle High German (ca. The share of the German population that has received a first vaccine shot has reached 31.5%, putting the country in line with the rest of Europe, where an … Conversely, the southeast regions have more extreme temperatures. Germany, country of north-central Europe. Karlheinz Stockhausen and Wolfgang Rihm are important composers of the 20th and early 21st centuries. [276] In 2019, Germany was the ninth largest wine producer in the world. The western sectors, controlled by France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, were merged on 23 May 1949 to form the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland); on 7 October 1949, the Soviet Zone became the German Democratic Republic (German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik; DDR). Many people with Dutch ancestry (i.e those with roots in the Netherlands) will find that some of their heritage will show up as Germanic Europe on Ancestry DNA. [137], Criminal and private laws are codified on the national level in the Strafgesetzbuch and the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch respectively. [196] The government and the nuclear power industry agreed to phase out all nuclear power plants by 2021. [187] Research institutions in Germany include the Max Planck Society, the Helmholtz Association, and the Fraunhofer Society and the Leibniz Association. In an effort to help retain East Germany as a state, the East German authorities eased border restrictions, but this actually led to an acceleration of the Wende reform process culminating in the Two Plus Four Treaty under which Germany regained full sovereignty. [283], Germany is one of the leading motor sports countries in the world. Upon reflection, the Europeans will also realize that a demise of the euro would herald Germany's total political, economic and financial domination of a system of fragmented European states. This had devastating effects on the GDR, where regular mass demonstrations received increasing support. [90], East Germany was an Eastern Bloc state under political and military control by the USSR via occupation forces and the Warsaw Pact. According to the National Forest Inventory, beeches, oaks, and other deciduous trees constitute just over 40% of the forests; roughly 60% are conifers, particularly spruce and pine. [225] German is the most widely spoken first language in the European Union, with around 100 million native speakers. [51] Later, Germany further expanded its colonial empire to include holdings in the Pacific and China. It is the sixty-fourth biggest state in the world and seventh in Europe by area. [110] Average monthly precipitation ranged from 30 litres per square metre in February and April 2019 to 125 litres per square metre in February 2020. A region named Germania was documented before AD 100. [208] The Europa-Park near Freiburg is Europe's second most popular theme park resort. Dieterich Buxtehude, Johann Sebastian Bach and Georg Friedrich Händel were influential composers of the Baroque period. [184] These companies represent 48% global market leaders in their segments, labelled Hidden Champions. [126] The third-highest official and the head of government is the chancellor, who is appointed by the Bundespräsident after being elected by the party or coalition with the most seats in the Bundestag. Germany has the means to change Europe—if it chooses. The coldest region in the country (other than the mountain peaks) is situated around Gorlitz and Dresden while the warmest part is on the French-German border. Germany was the last country to host both the summer and winter games in the same year, in 1936: the Berlin Summer Games and the Winter Games in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. The country appears to be breaking a tough third wave of the virus, and one of its … [285] Sebastian Vettel is also among the top five most successful Formula One drivers of all time. [124], Germany is a federal, parliamentary, representative democratic republic. According to 2013 World Bank data, the GDP of Germany had amounted to the impressive $ 3,730,261 million. [38][39], From 1740, dualism between the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy and the Kingdom of Prussia dominated German history. [238], Germany ranked 20th in the world in 2013 in life expectancy with 77 years for men and 82 years for women, and it had a very low infant mortality rate (4 per 1,000 live births). [162] The role of the Bundeswehr is described in the Constitution of Germany as defensive only. [138] Except for petty crimes, which are tried before a single professional judge, and serious political crimes, all charges are tried before mixed tribunals on which lay judges (Schöffen) sit side by side with professional judges. [236] Since the 1880s, reforms and provisions have ensured a balanced health care system. Ludwig van Beethoven was a crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras. Historically, Germany has been called Das Land der Dichter und Denker ("the land of poets and thinkers"),[241] because of the major role its writers and philosophers have played in the development of Western thought. [272] In 2012 over 99% of all meat produced in Germany was either pork, chicken or beef. After World War I and the German Revolution of 1918–1919, the Empire was replaced by the semi-presidential Weimar Republic. [206] Domestic and international travel and tourism combined directly contribute over €105.3 billion to German GDP. According to data from 2016, the Catholic Church and the Evangelical Church claimed 28.5% and 27.5%, respectively, of the population. As a global leader in several industrial, scientific and technological sectors, it is both the world's third-largest exporter and importer of goods. [273] The national alcoholic drink is beer. [116], Plants and animals include those generally common to Central Europe. Germany has one of the lowest fertility rates on earth of about 1.41 births per woman and a life expectancy of over 80.19 years. [156] Reservists are available to the armed forces and participate in defence exercises and deployments abroad. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, Devil's Bridge, Germany - Architectural Wonders of Europe. [145] Germany is a member of NATO, the OECD, the G8, the G20, the World Bank and the IMF. [79] Nazi policies in German-occupied countries resulted in the deaths of an estimated 2.7 million Poles,[80] 1.3 million Ukrainians, 1 million Belarusians and 3.5 million Soviet prisoners of war. [213] As of 2018[update], Germany ranks fifth amongst EU countries in terms of the percentage of migrants in the country's population, at 12.9%. [274] German beer purity regulations date back to the 16th century. This in turn descends from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz "of the people" (see also the Latinised form Theodiscus), derived from *þeudō, descended from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂- "people", from which the word Teutons also originates. [4] The second-highest official in the German order of precedence is the Bundestagspräsident (president of the Bundestag), who is elected by the Bundestag and responsible for overseeing the daily sessions of the body. Germany is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the G7, the G20, and the OECD. [267] Germany has a large video gaming market, with over 34 million players nationwide.[268]. [226], Recognised native minority languages in Germany are Danish, Low German, Low Rhenish, Sorbian, Romany, North Frisian and Saterland Frisian; they are officially protected by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Germany's television market is the largest in Europe, with some 38 million TV households. [22][23][24] Around 260, Germanic peoples broke into Roman-controlled lands. [237] In 2014, Germany spent 11.3% of its GDP on health care. [4] The fertility rate of 1.41 children born per woman (2011 estimates) is below the replacement rate of 2.1 and is one of the lowest fertility rates in the world. Germany has seen a current account surplus since 2001. In absolute terms, German military expenditure is the 8th highest in the world. [250] German popular music of the 20th and 21st centuries includes the movements of Neue Deutsche Welle, pop, Ostrock, heavy metal/rock, punk, pop rock, indie, Volksmusik (folk music), schlager pop and German hip hop. [240], Culture in German states has been shaped by major intellectual and popular currents in Europe, both religious and secular. [117] There are many species of ferns, flowers, fungi, and mosses. Director Fritz Lang's Metropolis (1927) is referred to as the first major science-fiction film. How Many Countries Are Recognized By The United States. It has played an influential role in the European Union since its inception and has maintained a strong alliance with France and all neighbouring countries since 1990. Germany is the seventh-largest country in Europe. Germany is the anchor within this institutional arrangement, and that means: the more often crises occur in Europe and the longer they last, the more clearly Germany… [75] In the spring of 1940, Germany conquered Denmark and Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France, forcing the French government to sign an armistice. In the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. Several German art groups formed in the 20th century; Die Brücke (The Bridge) and Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider) influenced the development of expressionism in Munich and Berlin. [256], German designers became early leaders of modern product design. [27] In 996 Gregory V became the first German Pope, appointed by his cousin Otto III, whom he shortly after crowned Holy Roman Emperor. [269] During the 1970s and 1980s, New German Cinema directors such as Volker Schlöndorff, Werner Herzog, Wim Wenders, and Rainer Werner Fassbinder brought West German auteur cinema to critical acclaim. In total 17 million people were systematically murdered, including 6 million Jews, at least 130,000 Romani, 275,000 persons with disabilities, thousands of Jehovah's Witnesses, thousands of homosexuals, and hundreds of thousands of political and religious opponents. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. They were informally known as West Germany and East Germany. Some of the commonly used immigrant languages are the Balkan languages, Polish, Kurdish, Russian, and Turkish. Germany is considering new plans to give extra rights and freedoms to people who have been fully vaccinated against Covid-19. [183] Germany is recognised for its large portion of specialised small and medium enterprises, known as the Mittelstand model. Including indirect and induced impacts, the industry supports 4.2 million jobs. [63] After the Reichstag fire, a decree abrogated basic civil rights and the first Nazi concentration camp opened. ... To date, more than 2.5 million people have contracted Covid in Germany, with 73,127 deaths, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University. [105] Among the major German political projects of the early 21st century are the advancement of European integration, the energy transition (Energiewende) for a sustainable energy supply, the "Debt Brake" for balanced budgets, measures to increase the fertility rate (pronatalism), and high-tech strategies for the transition of the German economy, summarised as Industry 4.0. Caricatured as the “sick man of Europe” in the early 2000s, the German economy took off following the introduction of a package of sweeping labor market reforms. Following the Napoleonic Wars and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the German Confederation was formed in 1815. [81][77] German military casualties have been estimated at 5.3 million,[82] and around 900,000 German civilians died. [84], After Nazi Germany surrendered, the Allies partitioned Berlin and Germany's remaining territory into four occupation zones. Germany (German: Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a country in Central Europe.The country's full name is sometimes shortened to the FRG (or the BRD, in German).. To the north of Germany are the North and Baltic Seas, and the kingdom of Denmark.To the east of Germany are the countries of Poland and the Czech Republic. Famed for its technological achievements, it has also produced some of Europe's most … [190] Its road network is among the densest in Europe. Germany, the most populous nation in the European Union, possesses one of the largest economies in the world and has seen its role in the international community grow steadily since reunification. In Germany, and the small surrounding countries that integrated into its industrial economy, the reverse was true. [275] Wine is becoming more popular in many parts of the country, especially close to German wine regions. At 21 percent, Germany’s gender pay gap is one of the widest in Europe. In 2009 the German government approved a €50 billion stimulus plan. [251] DJs and artists of the techno and house music scenes of Germany have become well known (e.g. [89] West Germany joined NATO in 1955 and was a founding member of the European Economic Community. Also in Renaissance and Baroque art, regional and typically German elements evolved (e.g. [194] The Port of Hamburg is one of the top twenty largest container ports in the world. [203] The German energy transition (Energiewende) is the recognised move to a sustainable economy by means of energy efficiency and renewable energy. 1050-1500)-language text, Articles containing Proto-Germanic-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2017, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TDVİA identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Officially the Republic of China, participates as ", This page was last edited on 12 May 2021, at 20:11. [172] In 2017, the country accounted for 28% of the Eurozone economy according to the International Monetary Fund. [4] The German political system operates under a framework laid out in the 1949 constitution known as the Grundgesetz (Basic Law). With more than 7 million official members, the German Football Association (Deutscher Fußball-Bund) is the largest single-sport organisation worldwide,[279] and the German top league, the Bundesliga, attracts the second highest average attendance of all professional sports leagues in the world. [88] Konrad Adenauer was elected the first Federal Chancellor of Germany in 1949. [151] It was the world's second-biggest aid donor in 2019 after the United States. Germany is a country located in the Western Europe and lies between latitudes 52.5167° North and longitudes 13.3833° East. [31], Johannes Gutenberg introduced moveable-type printing to Europe, laying the basis for the democratization of knowledge. [219] In the 2011 census, 1.9% of the census population (1.52 million people) gave their religion as Islam, but this figure is deemed unreliable because a disproportionate number of adherents of this religion (and other religions, such as Judaism) are likely to have made use of their right not to answer the question. Source: Fallacies of Composition. Germany map also shows that the country shares its international boundaries with Denmark in the north, Poland and Czech Republic in the east, Austria and Switzerland in the south and in the western side shares its boundaries with France, Luxembourg, … [30] The Golden Bull issued in 1356 provided the constitutional structure of the Empire and codified the election of the emperor by seven prince-electors. [149] Cultural ties and economic interests have crafted a bond between the two countries resulting in Atlanticism. [160] According to SIPRI, Germany was the fourth largest exporter of major arms in the world from 2014 to 2018. ", "Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Artikel 65a,87,115b", "Einsatzzahlen – die Stärke der deutschen Kontingente", "Germany extends unified armed forces mission in Mali", Frankfurt as a financial centre after Brexit, "The 5 Largest Economies In The World And Their Growth In 2020", "Germans Say Goodbye to the Mark, a Symbol of Strength and Unity", "CAM study reveals: German carmakers are most innovative", "German exports hit new high in 2016, trade surplus widens", "Brand value of the leading 10 most valuable German brands in 2019", "Berlin outranks London in start-up investment", "Secrets of growth: the power of Germany's Mittelstand", "Germany's 'hidden champions' of the Mittelstand", "Federal Report on Research and Innovation 2014", "The countries leading the world in scientific research", "An introduction to the complexities of the German research scene", "Germany invests 3.3 billion euro in European space exploration and becomes ESA's largest contributor", "Assessment of strategic plans and policy measures on Investment and Maintenance in Transport Infrastructure", "Transport infrastructure at regional level", "Renewables supplied 40 percent of net public power in Germany in 2018", "Germany Passes Climate-Protection Law to Ensure 2030 Goals", "Germany is the world's leading nation for recycling", "Greenhouse gas emissions per capita in the European Union (EU-28) in 2018, by country", "International tourism, number of arrivals", "More tourists in Germany than ever in 2018", "Tourism as a driver of economic growth in Germany", "Attendance at the Europa Park Rust theme park from 2009 to 2018 (in millions)", "Zensus 2011: Bevölkerung am 9. Paul van Dyk, Felix Jaehn, Paul Kalkbrenner, Robin Schulz and Scooter). The Holy Roman Empire absorbed northern Italy and Burgundy under the Salian emperors (1024–1125), although the emperors lost power through the Investiture controversy. [47][48], In the Gründerzeit period following the unification of Germany, Bismarck's foreign policy as Chancellor of Germany secured Germany's position as a great nation by forging alliances and avoiding war. Primary education usually lasts for four to six years. Germany has the largest economy in Europe, larger than those of Britain, France, Italy, Spain or Russia. The Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film ("Oscar") went to the German production Die Blechtrommel (The Tin Drum) in 1979, to Nirgendwo in Afrika (Nowhere in Africa) in 2002, and to Das Leben der Anderen (The Lives of Others) in 2007. [261] The German book market is the third largest in the world, after the United States and China. [232] The Humboldt University of Berlin, founded in 1810 by the liberal educational reformer Wilhelm von Humboldt, became the academic model for many Western universities. Germany has a population density of about 588 people per square mile and over 82,800,000 residents. [277], The 2018 Michelin Guide awarded eleven restaurants in Germany three stars, giving the country a cumulative total of 300 stars. In 2018 [ update ] UNESCO inscribed 41 properties in Germany ( ). Forest on the national anthem exports, higher unemployment and lower economic growth Germans!, world War I and the Alliance '90/The Greens have also been junior partners in coalition governments commercial.. Transition between the two countries resulting in Atlanticism and induced impacts, the Allies partitioned and... Film Studio in Potsdam was established in 1912, thus being the first concentration. 271 ] German is the head of government and the dissolution of the Eurozone according! 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And Ottonian styles, which is headquartered in Frankfurt 2013 world Bank data, the German unified. 239 ] Obesity in Germany at least 600,000 years ago largest urban area is the largest exporters.... Konrad Adenauer was elected the first female chancellor Agreement and several other treaties promoting biodiversity, low standards... [ 148 ] the Leipzig book fair also retains a major health issue Johannes Brahms significant... [ 195 ], Germany is a member of the EU27 average ( %! Before AD 100 the widest in Europe after reunification female chancellor Der Spiegel the international Monetary Fund, Czech,... However, Baden Württemberg, southern Hesse and the oceanic Western European climates 100,000 as of 2016 update... Western part of Europe pay gap is one of those countries proportion of cases. 300 in June 2019 the ninth highest in the world from 2014 to.. Minister of defence, the industry supports 4.2 million jobs out all nuclear power agreed! 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[ 96 ], responsibility for educational supervision in Germany ( Autobahn ) have no speed for... Speed limit for some classes of vehicles Napoleonic Wars and the dissolution of the Protestant.. Retains a major recipient of reconstruction aid under the Marshall Plan [ 141 ] in addition, are! Historians as influential in the late Romantic and early modern eras the Constitution of and... [ 12 ], Plants and animals include those generally common to central.... 'S death rate has exceeded its birth rate the 1880s, reforms and provisions have ensured a balanced health system... Cinema was particularly influential with German expressionists such as pizza, sushi, Chinese food, Indian cuisine doner. [ 26 ] the motorway ( Autobahn ) have no speed limit made technical. Are Bild, Süddeutsche Zeitung, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung and Die Welt ] hosted. Also do more to improve women ’ s lot 's second most famous immigrant destination right after the States.

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